Heart murmurs in children: what parents need to know

Discovering a heart murmur in a child can be a source of anxiety, but this phenomenon is quite common and does not always indicate a health issue. It is essential to distinguish between functional (innocent) murmurs and serious conditions, as well as to know when further diagnostic evaluation is required.

What Does a Heart Murmur Mean?

Did you know that nearly one in three children between the ages of 1 and 14 may have a heart murmur? Physicians refer to these as "innocent" or functional murmurs. They often occur because the child’s cardiovascular system is undergoing a period of rapid growth. As the body develops and physical activity increases, the heart and blood vessels adapt, which is why these murmurs can appear and disappear over time.

However, certain details require professional attention. While most murmurs are harmless, in some cases, they may indicate congenital heart defects, inflammatory processes (myocarditis), or cardiomyopathy. Therefore, it is important not to ignore clinical findings. If a physician detects a murmur, they will recommend diagnostic tests such as an ECG or an Echocardiogram (heart ultrasound) to ensure your child’s health and rule out any risks.

How Are Murmurs Diagnosed?

Following auscultation (listening to the heart), the next step is an instrumental examination. An Echocardiogram allows for a detailed assessment of the heart's structure and valve function. It is crucial that these evaluations are conducted by a pediatric cardiologist, as they possess the expertise to differentiate between a physiological murmur and a pathological one.

When Should You Consult a Doctor?

If a heart murmur is accompanied by symptoms such as shortness of breath, palpitations, edema (swelling), or rapid fatigue, a consultation with a cardiologist should not be delayed. Timely diagnosis is key to preventing complications and ensuring effective treatment.

A heart murmur is not a diagnosis in itself, in most cases, it is simply a natural part of a child's growth and development. However, for your peace of mind and your child's safety, professional confirmation is vital. The team at Doctor Sam Medical Center is always ready to provide expert assistance, ensuring confidence in your family’s health.